Op Art (also known as Optical Art) is a form of non-objective, non-representational, abstract art. It is very precise and exact, highly thought out and meticulously executed, there is no element of chance. Op Art is often rooted in mathematics, using geometric forms as building blocks, including lines and frequently based on a grid organization. The movement was most active during the early 1960s to the early 1970s.
The Op Art geometric shapes and compositions are characterized by sharp contrasts and precision, which can be in black and white or in high contrast, high key colors. The strong contrasts in color, geometry and composition excite and activate the eye, making the mind more receptive to illusory images, thus challenging visual perception and making the mind think it is seeing something different. What is often observed includes vibrating shapes, undulating movements, bending of elements and compositions, three-dimensional space and extremes in perspective and depth perception. Due to the activation and excitation of the eye, Op Art is frequently referred to retinal art.
Visual perception refers to the brain's ability to make sense of what the eyes see.It is the minds ability to interpret the surrounding environment using light in the visible spectrum reflected by the objects in the environment.
Illusory refers to imagery that causes illusions that can fool, deceive or mislead the mind into perceiving something different that what the eye is actually seeing.
Op Art is frequently associated with Concrete Art, Kinetic Art and the Constructivist Movement.
Some of the earliest artists associated early with the Op Art movement included Victor Vasarely (1908-97), Bridget Riley (b.1931), Julian Stanczak (1928-2017), Richard Anuszkiewicz (b 1930) and Edna Andrade (1917-2008). The exhibition, “The Responsive Eye”, organized by William C. Seitz and presented at the Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, February 23 through April 25, 1965, is largely credited with popularizing the Op Art Movement.
Associated Artist
Associated Exhibitions
- Mokha Laget Polychrome Polygons
June 10, 2019 - July 13, 2019
- Heather McGill The Common
November 26, 2018 - December 22, 2018
- Richard Roth Close Call
November 26, 2018 - December 22, 2018
- Matthew Kluber No Place Like Utopia
October 19, 2018 - November 24, 2018
- Optical and Pattern Paintings Presenting artworks by Beth Radford, Marge Rector and Eric Zammitt
October 1, 2018 - October 27, 2018
- Angela Johal You Hear The Colours
October 1, 2018 - October 27, 2018
- Andrew Huffman Modulated: Color and Structure
August 23, 2018 - September 29, 2018
- TADASKY Pushing Boundaries
August 23, 2018 - September 29, 2018
- Marge Rector Abstract and Captured Forms, 1967 to 1975
March 23, 2018 - May 26, 2018
- Leo Valledor Curved
March 7, 2018 - April 14, 2018
- Julian Stanczak: Dynamic Fields
February 10, 2018 - March 17, 2018
- OLI SIHVONEN
Kinetic Energy
January 27, 2018 - March 3, 2018
- Dean Fleming Duality
October 14, 2017 - November 10, 2017
- Mokha Laget In Shape, In Color
September 4, 2017 - October 7, 2017
- Optic Response - Flashbacks: Summer of Love 50 Years On
August 4, 2017 - September 4, 2017
- Richard Roth Shocks and Struts
May 3, 2017 - June 17, 2017
- Sizzle and Chill
March 9, 2017 - April 9, 2017
- Color: Stained, Brushed and Poured Featuring: Leon Berkowitz, Thomas Downing, Willem de Looper, Ruth Pastine, Paul Reed and Leo Valledor
August 3, 2016 - September 3, 2016
- Re-Op: ‘The Responsive Eye’ Fifty Years After
October 2, 2015 - December 12, 2015
- Op Infinitum: 'The Responsive Eye' Fifty Years After (Part II)
American Op Art In The 60s Curated by David Eichholtz and Peter Frank
May 26, 2015 - July 12, 2015
- BENT PERIMETERS: THE 'SHAPED CANVAS' AND ABSTRACTION, 1960s TO TODAY
April 14, 2015 - May 17, 2015
- Post-Op: 'The Responsive Eye' Fifty Years After Curated by David Eichholtz and Peter Frank
February 24, 2015 - April 11, 2015
- JULIAN STANCZAK
Lineal Pathways
March 14, 2014 - April 19, 2014
- OLI SIHVONEN In Motion, Rhythmic and Optical Paintings by Oli Sihvonen From 1988 to 1991
January 31, 2014 - March 8, 2014
- PETER DEMOS 10 Paintings
July 30, 2013 - September 7, 2013
- RICHARD ANUSZKIEWICZ Variations: Evolution of The Artist's Media 1986 - 2012
May 10, 2013 - June 15, 2013
- TOM MARTINELLI OUT OF REGISTER, 1993-1998
March 29, 2013 - May 4, 2013
- SANFORD WURMFELD
November 9, 2012 - December 22, 2012
- GABRIELE EVERTZ Optic Drive
November 9, 2012 - December 22, 2012
- MATTHEW KLUBER Color Interference
November 8, 2012 - December 22, 2012
- JAY DAVIS What A Long Strange Trip
November 8, 2012 - December 22, 2012
- FRED EVERSLEY Light Lens
September 21, 2012 - November 3, 2012
- TADASKY The Circle ReViewed: 1964 to 2012
August 17, 2012 - September 22, 2012
- JULIAN STANCZAK Grids and Planes
August 17, 2012 - September 15, 2012
- LEO VALLEDOR Shapin' Up
August 17, 2012 - September 15, 2012
- JAY DAVIS Mirage
March 2, 2012 - March 31, 2012
- Richard Roth
September 1, 2011 - September 30, 2011
- JULIAN STANCZAK Elusive Transparencies
September 1, 2011 - September 30, 2011
Associated News
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January 18, 2025
Alaena Turner interviews Richard Roth
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June 19, 2023
Congratulations to Dee Shapiro, Recipient of A Pollock-Krasner Foundation Grant
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May 12, 2023
Mokha Laget’s Visual Paradoxes
Hyperallergic
Amy Ellingson
May 12, 2023
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December 13, 2022
Mokha Laget: Hot Axis at David Richard Gallery
Whitehot Magazine
December 13, 2022
by Cori Hutchinson
-
November 14, 2022
Mokha Laget: Hot Axis
GalleriesNow
November 14, 2022
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November 7, 2022
Press Release - Mokha Laget Hot Axis
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November 1, 2022
Dean Fleming: Fourth Dimension
The Brooklyn Rail
Tom McGlynn
November 1, 2022
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October 26, 2022
Spotlight: A Focused Exhibition of American Painter Dean Fleming’s 1960s Abstractions Charts a Stylistic Transformation
Artnet News
October 26, 2022
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October 21, 2022
Dean Fleming Paints the Fourth Dimension
Hyperallergic
John Yau
October 21, 2022
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September 29, 2022
Inaugural exhibit of 'Landfall Press: Five Decades Exhibition'
Hays Post
Cristina Janney
September 28, 2022
-
September 20, 2022
Dean Fleming Fourth Dimension
GalleriesNow
September 19, 2022
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September 19, 2022
Dean Fleming's paintings from 1964 to 65 inaugurate David Richard Gallery's 2nd location in Chelsea
ArtDaily
September 19, 2022
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September 18, 2022
Press Release - Dean Fleming Fourth Dimension
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June 3, 2022
Mokha Laget: Perceptualism
American University Museum at the Katzen Arts Center
June 11 - August 7, 2022
Curated by Kristen Hileman
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May 24, 2022
Heather
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May 22, 2022
Press Release - Heather McGill Invisible Bloom
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April 27, 2022
Dee Shapiro Redrawn and Redressed
GalleriesNow
April 25, 2022
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April 24, 2022
Press Release - Dee Shapiro Redrawn and Redressed
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April 6, 2022
2 Artists Showcased
Jackson Hole News and Guide
Rich Anderson
April 6, 2022
-
March 5, 2022
Two Centuries of Long Island Women Artists
Long Island Museum
March 3, 2022
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February 27, 2022
How this son of a Filipino fruit picker helped shape a trendsetting New York movement
ABS-CBN News
E.A. Santamaria
Feb 27 2022
-
February 21, 2022
Some sweet geometric art
DEVIN NEALY
9:41 AM MON FEB 21, 2022
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December 8, 2021
The Unknown Work of Rakuko Naito
HyperAllegric
John Yau
December 8, 2021
-
August 23, 2021
Dee Shapiro – From Fibonacci to Bathers
Art Spiel
Etty Yaniv
August 23, 2021
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June 30, 2021
Exhibitions at CCS Bard Explore Art at Its Most Intimate, Playful, and Defiant
Hyperallergic
by Bard College
June 30, 2021
June 29, 2021
-
May 11, 2021
Dee Shapiro
-
May 5, 2021
Can’t Find a Ticket to Frieze? Try a Satellite Fair
The New York Times
Martha Schwendener
May 5, 2021
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April 15, 2021
Off the Grid: Print Portfolio by Mokha Laget
University of Richmond Museums
April 14, 2021
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April 14, 2021
The Critic’s Notebook
On Nell Blaine, Dee Shapiro, Britain’s “Age of Decadence” & more from the world of culture.
James Panero
-
April 12, 2021
Andrew Huffman
Revel in Art 2021
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March 30, 2021
Dee Shapiro: In The Beginning... Selections From 1974 through 1980
GalleriesNow
March 30, 2021
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March 25, 2021
Press Release - Dee Shapiro
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September 21, 2020
Andrew Huffman's first New York solo exhibition opens at David Richard Gallery
ArtDaily.com
September 21, 2020
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September 15, 2020
Andrew Huffman: Hued Vibrations
GalleriesNow.net
September 15, 2020
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September 1, 2020
Press Release - Andrew Huffman - "Hued Vibrations"
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June 23, 2020
Andrew Huffman, In Installation
Young Space
June 23, 2020
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May 23, 2020
Richard Anuszkiewicz (1930–2020)
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March 25, 2020
Marge Rector: Color and Non-objective Abstractions From 1970 to 2014' at David Richard Gallery
ArtDaily.com
March 25, 2020
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March 23, 2020
Marge Rector: If It Makes You Happy
GalleriesNow.net
March 23, 2020
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March 23, 2020
Press Release - Marge Rector "If It Makes You Happy"
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March 5, 2020
David Richard Gallery opens an exhibition of paintings by Leo Valledor
ArtDaily.com
March 5, 2020
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March 3, 2020
Leo Valledor: Dimensional Space
GalleriesNow.net
March 3, 2020
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March 1, 2020
Press Release - Leo Valledor "Dimensional Space"
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February 29, 2020
10 YEARS of the International Surrealism Now Exhibition at CAE
Yahoo Finance
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January 30, 2020
SCALING UP: Translating paintings into large scale architectural elements
Public Art Services Blog
January 30, 2020
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September 26, 2019
With Pleasure: Pattern and Decoration in American Art 1972–1985 at MOCA LA
ArtFix Daily
September 25, 2019
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September 18, 2019
David Richard Gallery presents Dee Shapiro's Snatched and Reworked
Art & Object
September 18, 2019
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September 18, 2019
Dee Shapiro, "Snatched and Reworked", exhibition opens at David Richard Gallery New York
ArtDaily.org
September 18, 2019
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September 14, 2019
Dee Shapiro 18 Sep — 19 Oct 2019 at the David Richard Gallery
Wall Street International Magazine
September 14, 2019
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September 9, 2019
Landfall Press: Five Decades of Printmaking
Milwaukee Art Museum
-
September 4, 2019
Dee Shapiro: Snatched and Reworked
GalleriesNow.net
September 4, 2019
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August 24, 2019
Press Release - Dee Shapiro "Snatched and Reworked"
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August 21, 2019
Mokha Laget at David Richard Gallery in East Harlem: Testing Spatial Reality
ArtBeat Santa Fe
August 21, 2019
Kathryn M Davis
-
August 9, 2019
Find Your Niche Alcoves 20/20
Pasatiempo
August 9, 2019
Michael Abatemarco
-
August 5, 2019
Alcoves 20/20 #1
August 9, 2019
-
August 5, 2019
‘Optical Art’ to be shown at Fort Wayne Museum of Art
Wane.com
August 5, 2019
Dirk Rowley
-
July 6, 2019
Mokha Laget at David Richard Gallery
White Hot Magazine
July 6, 2019
Jonathan Goodman
-
June 18, 2019
Mokha Laget: Polychrome Polygons at David Richard Gallery
Arte Fuse
June 18, 2019
-
June 15, 2019
Mokha Laget
12 Jun — 13 Jul 2019
at the David Richard Gallery in New York, United States
Wall Street International Magazine
-
June 12, 2019
Mokha Laget: Polychrome Polygons
GalleriesNow.net
June 12, 2019
-
June 12, 2019
Color Theory explores math and visual at GOCA, plus more events this week
Colorado Spring Independent
June 12, 2019
Alissa Smith
-
June 5, 2019
Harlem: Manhattan’s Newest Art Zone
Where Traveler
June 5, 2019
Jean Lawlor Cohen
-
May 30, 2019
Press Release - Mokha Laget "Polychrome Polygons" at David Richard Gallery
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May 16, 2019
The Forgotten Female Artist Who May Have Been Murdered by the CIA
Artsy.net
Alina Cohen
May 16, 2019
-
April 8, 2019
JULIAN STANCZAK
The Lobby Gallery, 499 Park Avenue, New York
On view through September 2019
Reception: Tuesday, April 9, 5-7 pm
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March 28, 2019
Mark Dagley: Neo-Op at David Richard Gallery
WhiteHot Magazine, 03/28/2019
Mark Bloch
-
March 27, 2019
White Box
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March 26, 2019
Rhythm, Rhythm, Everywhere
Toledo City Paper, 03/26/2019
Thena Cocoves
-
March 16, 2019
Color Spectrum
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March 11, 2019
Mark Dagley
Wall Street International Magazine, 03/11/2019
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March 4, 2019
Mark Dagley
ArtDaily.org, 03/04/2019
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March 1, 2019
Mark Dagley Neo Op
NY Art Beat, 03/01/2019
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March 1, 2019
The Weekender
Mark Dagley Neo Op
GalleriesNow.Net, 03/01/2019
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February 26, 2019
Mark Dagley Neo Op
GalleriesNow.Net, 02/26/2019
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February 24, 2019
The North Sydney Art Prize 2019
Visual Arts Hub, 02/24/2019
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February 14, 2019
Press Release - Mark Dagley Neo Op
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December 21, 2018
THE WEEKENDER
Richard Roth: Close Call
GalleriesNow.net, 12/21/2018
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December 17, 2018
Heather McGill - The Commons
GalleriesNow.net, 12/17/2018
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December 12, 2018
Richard Roth debuts new large paintings and compositions at David Richard Gallery
ArtDaily.org, 12/12/2018
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December 3, 2018
Richard Roth Close Call
Wall Street International Magazine, 12/03/2018
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December 3, 2018
Heather McGill
Wall Street International Magazine, 12/03/2018
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November 27, 2018
Richard Roth: Close Call
GalleriesNow.net
November 27, 2018
-
November 27, 2018
Richard Roth Close Call
NY Art Beat, 11/27/2018
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November 10, 2018
Press Release - Heather McGill The Common
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November 9, 2018
Press Release - Richard Roth - 'Close Call'
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November 2, 2018
Matthew Kluber No Place Like Utopia
GalleriesNow.Net, 11/02/2018
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November 2, 2018
Christian Haub: Like A Butterfly, Recent Floats
GalleriesNow.Net, 11/02/2018
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October 29, 2018
Christian Haub
Wall Street International Magazine, 10/29/2018
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October 29, 2018
Matthew Kluber
Wall Street International Magazine, 10/29/2018
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October 19, 2018
Matthew Kluber - No Place Like Utopia
NY Art Beat, 10/19/2018
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October 16, 2018
Press Release - Matthew Kluber 'No Place Like Utopia'
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October 12, 2018
Angela Johal at David Richard Gallery
Santa Fe New Mexican
Pasatiempo, 10/12/2018
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October 10, 2018
Press Release - Christian Haub 'Like A Butterfly'
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October 1, 2018
Andrew Huffman
Modulated: Color and Structure
International Art Exhibitions 2018
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August 27, 2018
Andrew Huffman's debut exhibition opens at David Richard Gallery
ArtDaly.org, 08/27/2019
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August 24, 2018
The Eye of the Beholder Tadasky
Santa Fe New Mexican
Pasatiempo, 08/24/2018
Michael Abatemarco
-
August 14, 2018
Press Release - Andrew Huffman 'Modulated: Color and Structure'
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August 10, 2018
Press Release - Tadasky 'Pushing Boundaries'
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July 28, 2018
Unique art 'treasure hunt' spans dozens of Ohio venues
The Blade, 07/28/2018
Roberta Gedert
-
July 12, 2018
Cleveland Hopes to Become the Next Venice
The Wall Street Journal, 07/12/2018
Kelly Crow
-
May 4, 2018
Leo Valledor
Wall Street International Magazine, 05/04/2018
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April 19, 2018
Press Release - Leo Valledor 'Color as Space'
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March 26, 2018
Check out Matthew Kluber's artwork
VoyageLA.com, 03/26/2018
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March 15, 2018
Press Release - Marge Rector "Abstractions and Captured Forms, 1967 to 1975"
-
March 7, 2018
Exclusive 360 - Leo Valledor: Curved at David Richard Gallery
GalleriesNow.Net, 12/29/2018
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February 27, 2018
Press Release - Leo Valledor Curved
-
February 17, 2018
Julian Stanczak
Visual Art Source, 02/17/2018
Amanda Malloy
-
February 9, 2018
Julian Stanczak at David Richard Gallery
Santa Fe New Mexican
Pasatiempo, 02/09/2018
Michael Abatemarco
-
February 8, 2018
Love is in the Art
Santa Fe Arts Journal, 02/08/2018
Emily Van Cleve
-
January 31, 2018
Press Release - Julian Stanczak "Dynamic Fields"
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January 26, 2018
Oli Sihvonen, Kinetic Energy
Wall Street International Magazine, 01/26/2018
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January 24, 2018
Painting exhibition to showcase wide-ranging survey of contemporary painting
Business North, 01/24/2018
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January 22, 2018
Mokha Laget
Vasari21.com, 01/22/2018
Ann Landi
-
January 17, 2018
Press Release - Oli Sihvonen "Kinetic Energy"
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October 1, 2017
Studio Visit – Eric Zammitt
Pasadena Independent, October 2017
Jeff Davis
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September 28, 2017
Press Release - Dean Fleming "Duality"
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September 19, 2017
‘Delirious’ at Met Breuer
Blouin ArtInfo, 09/19/2017
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September 14, 2017
Postwar Art Gets a Nervy Makeover
New York Times, 09/14/2017
Roberta Smith
-
September 5, 2017
VIRTUAL VIEWS: DIGITAL ART FROM THE THOMA FOUNDATION
-
September 4, 2017
Unmoored Geographies: Works from the Permanent Collection
Ulrich Museum of Art
Beren and Amsden Galleries
Wichita State University, 09/04/2017
-
September 4, 2017
Visually Displaced
Santa Fe Arts Journal, 09/04/2017
Emily Van Cleve
-
August 28, 2017
Mokha Laget’s ‘In Shape, In Color’ at David Richard Gallery, Santa Fe
Blouin ArtInfo, 08/28/2017
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August 12, 2017
Press Release - Mokha Laget "In Shape, In Color"
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July 22, 2017
FRONT International: Cleveland Triennial for Contemporary Art
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June 14, 2017
Systematic Paper, a group exhibition of Kwon Young-woo, Rakuko Naito, and Dorothea Rockburne.
ThisIsPaper.com, 06/14/2017
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April 19, 2017
Julian Stanczak’s Contribution to Cincinnati Art
City Beat, 04/19/2017
Steven Rosen
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April 11, 2017
Julian Stanczak, Abstract Painter, Dies at 88
New York Times, 04/11/2017
Roberta Smith
-
March 31, 2017
Julian Stanczak on the Power of Red
ArtInfo, 03/31/2017
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March 28, 2017
Op Art Loses One of Its Leading Figures With Death of Julian Stanczak
ArtNet News, 03/29/2017
Perwana Nazif
-
March 28, 2017
Julian Stanczak, Central Figure of Op Art Movement, Dies at 88
ArtNet News, 03/28/2017
Alex Greenberger
-
March 28, 2017
Julian Stanczak (1928–2017)
Artforum, 03/28/2017
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March 27, 2017
Julian Stanczak, globally renowned Op artist based in Cleveland, has died at age 88
Cleveland.com, 03/25/2017
Steven Litt, The Plain Dealer
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January 25, 2017
Line Forms Here
The Reader, 01/25/2017
Janet L. Farber
-
April 21, 2016
Art + World | Dallas Art Fair
Pin + Stripe, 04/21/2016
Christi
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January 8, 2016
Tech Art steals the show at Miami Art Week 2015
Cartwheel Art
January 8, 2016
Michelle Berc
-
December 16, 2015
Julian Stanczak Op Art paintings smash local price ceiling and rocket nationally
Cleveland.com, 12/16/2015
Steven Litt
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December 4, 2015
13 Best finds at Art Basel - Christian Haub
New York Post, 12/04/2015
By Carrie Seim and Melissa Feldman
-
October 1, 2015
Gabriel Evertz - Breaking Pattern
Schneider Museum of Art, 10/01/2015
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September 20, 2015
Eric Zammitt be featured in an episode of “The Art Of”
Ovation TV, a national arts television network
09/20/2015
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May 28, 2015
Giant video to light up Ingersoll building
Des Moines Register, 05/28/2015
Michael Morain
-
February 25, 2015
Op Art pioneer Richard Anuszkiewicz’s dancing colors are like Red Bull for your retinas
Orlando Weekly, 02/25/2015
Richard Reep
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January 29, 2015
Color Color' evokes harmony between two disparate mediums
The New Record, 01/29/2015
Christina Drobney
-
December 15, 2014
'Color Color' at the Cincinnati Art Museum showcases digital prints and poetry
ArtDaily.org, 12/15/2014
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March 19, 2014
Oli Sihvonen: In Motion
Art Ltd, March/April 2014
Matthew Irwin
-
March 3, 2014
Press Release - Julian Stanczak "Lineal Pathways"
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March 1, 2014
Oli Sihvonen
David Richard Gallery, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Visual Art Source, 03/01/2014
Iris McLister
-
February 23, 2014
1969 Cleveland Arts Prize for Visual Arts
-
January 31, 2014
Capturing chance and time
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January 30, 2014
Rhythmic and optical paintings by Oli Sihvonen from 1988 to 1991 presented at David Richard Gallery
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January 10, 2014
Press Release - Oli Sihvonen "In Motion"
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November 15, 2013
Richard Anuszkiewicz featrured in the exhibition "Optic Nerve" at the Tacoma Art Museum.
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November 3, 2013
Press Release - Christian Haub "Float"
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July 23, 2013
Press Release - Peter Demos "10 Paintings"
-
April 30, 2013
JULIAN STANCZAK
COLOR WONDER
Cleveland Magazine, May 2013
-
April 13, 2013
Press Release - RICHARD ANUSZKIEWICZ Variations: Evolution of The Artist's Media 1986 - 2012
-
April 8, 2013
AKRON ART MUSEUM
Line Color Illusion: 40 Years of Julian Stanczak
Apr 13, 2013 - Nov 3, 2013
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February 15, 2013
UNDER THE INFLUENCE: INTERVIEW WITH RICHARD ROTH
Huffington Post, 02/15/2013
Ridley Howard
-
January 16, 2013
ERIC ZAMMITT
Visual Art Source, January 2013
Iris McLister
-
November 11, 2012
Press Release - Gabriele Evertz "Optic Drive"
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October 16, 2012
THE MARKET'S HOTTEST ARTISTS
Bloomberg.com, 10/16/2012
Ben Steverman
-
August 9, 2012
Press Release - Leo Valledor "Shapin' Up"
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August 8, 2012
Press Release - Tadasky "The Circle Reviewed: 1964 to 2012"
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May 1, 2012
An Interview with Artist Julian Stanczak
GeoForm, May 2012
Julie Karabenick
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May 1, 2012
An Interview with Artist Julian Stanczak
GeoForm, May 2012
Julie Karabenick
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December 13, 2011
JULIAN STANCZAK: GREAT COLORIST OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Cleveland Institute of Art, 12/13/2011
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November 6, 2011
Cleveland Institute of Art touts its own history in shows on Robert Mangold, Julian Stanczak and Ed Mieczkowski
Cleveland.com, 11/06/2011
Steven Litt
-
September 21, 2011
Press Release - Richard Roth
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September 21, 2011
CLEVELAND MUSEUM OF ART OPTICAL ART EXHIBIT A TEST FOR THE EYES
WEWS, 09/21/2011
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August 23, 2011
Press Release - Julian Stanczak "Tactile See Through"
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November 1, 2010
The New Criterion review of "Julian Stanczak: Color - Grid"
Gallery Chronicle, November 2010
James Panero
-
July 1, 2017
Op Art